Research

Four questions, studied in the open.

The questions this lab is working on: LLM retrieval and citation, AI crawlers, generative engine optimization, and retrieval evaluation.Every experiment ends in a write-up on the blog — method, data, and what didn't work included.

  1. LLM retrieval & citation

    How assistants pick their sources: what gets retrieved, what gets cited, and how that differs across models and question types.

    • Which page-level signals correlate with being cited in AI answers?
    • How do answer engines choose between overlapping sources?
    • How stable are citations for the same question over time?
  2. AI crawlers & indexing

    What GPTBot, ClaudeBot, PerplexityBot and friends actually fetch, how they respect (or ignore) directives, and how crawling translates into visibility.

    • What do AI crawler hit patterns look like on a real site?
    • Which robots directives change behavior in practice?
    • How long is the path from crawl to citation?
  3. Generative engine optimization

    Separating measured effect from cargo-cult advice: which on-page changes demonstrably shift inclusion in AI answers.

    • Do structure, schema, or wording changes move AI answer inclusion?
    • Can GEO effects be isolated with controlled page experiments?
    • Which popular GEO claims survive a fair test?
  4. Retrieval quality & evaluation

    The engineering side: embeddings, chunking, and ranking — and small, honest, reproducible benchmarks for judging them.

    • How much do chunking strategies really change retrieval quality?
    • What does a minimal, reproducible retrieval benchmark look like?
    • Where do embedding models disagree, and does it matter?